Microbial alkaline phosphatases in bioprocessing

Microorganisms producing alkaline phosphatases are wide spread in nature. Alkaline phosphatase (Orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolase, E.C.3.1.3.1) is a hydrolase enzyme functioning at alkaline pH. The metalloenzyme containing the two zinc ions are involved in catalysis whereas the magnesium ion is important in structural stabilization (Simpson et al., 1968; Anderson et al., 1975). The enzymatically active alkaline phosphatase hydrolyzes phosphates from many types of molecules like nucleotides, proteins, alkaloids, phosphate esters and anhydrides of phosphoric acid. Alkaline phosphatases play an indispensable role in phosphate metabolism and the production of alkaline phosphatase is regulated by the phosphoester compounds available in the International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 3 (2015) pp. 384-396 http://www.ijcmas.com